Saturday, April 1, 2023

SOLUTION FOR GUJARAT BOARD STANDARD 10TH, STANDARD MATHEMATICS

 Time : 3 hrs. Total Marks : 80


  1. Write in clear and legible handwriting.

  2. This question paper has four sections A,B,C and D and question number from 1 to 39

  3. All questions are compulsory. Internal options are given

  4. Numbers to the right represents the mark to for the question

  5. Draw the neat diagram , wherever necessary

  6. New section should be written on new page and write the answer in the numerical order



SECTION A(16 marks)

Answer the following as per the instruction given.This section has 16 questions and each carries 1 mark each. 


Write true or false for the following questions ( 1 to 4)

  1. 8sec2πœƒ -  8tan2πœƒ = 8 (TRUE)

8(sec2πœƒ -  tan2πœƒ)

8(1) = 8

  1. 7 x 11 x 13 + 13  is a prime number(FALSE)

7 x 11 x 13 + 13=13(7 X 11 + 1) = 13 ( 77 +1) = 13 X 78 which is not a prime number

  1. ½, ⅓, ¼ are arithmetic progression(FALSE)

(⅓ - ½) ≠ (¼ -⅓ ), therefore it is not AP

  1. If one of the root of the quadratic equation X2 - 4X + m  = 0 is 3 then  m=3 (TRUE)


Fill in the blanks to make eac h statement true. ( 5 to 8)

  1. If H.C.F ( 12, k) = 6 and LCM(12,k) = 36 then k=  18  

12 X k = HCF(12,k) X LCM(12,k)

12 X k = 6 x 36

k = 18

  1. If 𝜢 and 𝜷 are zeros of polynomial 3x - X2 + 8  then 𝜢𝜷 = -8

In above quadratic equation a = -1, b =3, and c =8 

Now  𝜢𝜷 = c/a = 8/(-1) = -8 ( negative 8)

  1. If 27x + 63y = 45 and 63x + 27y = 135 then x + y = 2

Adding both of above linear equations.

90x + 90y = 180

x + y = 2

  1. Coordinates of midpoint of line segment AB  joining A(2a - b, b) and B(b, 2a-b) is (a,a)

Co ordinate of midpoint ( (2a-b +b) / 2, (b+2a-b)/2)

(a,a)


Answer in one sentence, one word or one number

  1. Which is the median class for the following frequency distribution.

Class 

0-10

10-20

20-30

30-40

40-50

Frequency

7

15

13

17

10

Cumulative frequency

7

22

35

52

62



Answer : Median class : 20-30

N/2 = 31, therefore cumulative frequency just greater than 31 is 35 , which belongs to class 20-30

  1.  If P(A) -  P(A) = 0.8 than find the value of P(A)

 We know that P(A) + P(A bar ) is 1, therefore adding this two equation.

2P(A) = 1.8, therefore , P(A) = 0.9

ANSWER: Value of P(A) = 0.9

  1. Find the diameter of the circle whose circumference and area are equal in number.

AREA = CIRCUMFERENCE

𝛑r2 = 2𝛑r

r = 2

Therefore the diameter will be 4

  1. For what value of acute angle πœƒ, cot2πœƒ.cot7πœƒ =1

cot2πœƒ.cot7πœƒ =1

cot2πœƒ= 1/ cot7πœƒ

cot2πœƒ= tan7πœƒ

cot2πœƒ= cot (90-7πœƒ)

2πœƒ= 90-7πœƒ

9πœƒ= 90

πœƒ= 10


Select the proper alternative to make each statement true.

  1.  If a sphere of radius r divided into 4 equal parts, than total surface area of each part is [answer : (b)]

    1. 𝛑r2

    2. 2𝛑r2

    3. 3𝛑r2

    4. (½)𝛑r2

  2. If the pair of linear equation 2x + 2y +2 =0 and 4x + ky + 8= 0 has unique solution, then k ≠  [answer : (a)]

    1. 4

    2. 2

    3. -4

    4. 8

  3. In the given figure PA and PB are tangent to the circle with centre O. AOP = 550 than APB=  [answer : (b)]

  1. 350

  2. 700

  3. 1250

  4. 1100


  1. An unbiased coin is tossed thrice,what is the probability of getting at least two heads. [answer : (c)]

    1. ½

Total possibilities : HHH, HHT, HTH,THH, TTT, TTH, THT, HTT ( 8 ), out of these, condition when we have at least two head are HHH, HHT, HTH,THH (4 nos),


Therefore the probability = 4/8 = ½ 

SECTION B (20 marks)

Solve the following questions showing calculations. ( 17 to 26) , Each carries two(2) marks.

  1. Prove that 5 + 2√7 is irrational


Let, 5 + 2√7 be rational.

So 5 + 2√7 =π‘Ž/𝑏,


π‘€β„Žπ‘’π‘Ÿπ‘’′π‘Ž′π‘Žπ‘›π‘‘′𝑏′π‘Žπ‘Ÿπ‘’ π‘–π‘›π‘‘π‘’π‘”π‘’π‘Ÿπ‘  π‘Žπ‘›π‘‘ 𝑏 ≠ 0


2√7 = [a/b] – 5


√7 = [a – (5b)] / 2b

Since ‘a’ and ‘b’ are integers a – 5b is also an integer.[a – (5b)] / 2b is rational. So RHS is rational.

LHS should be rational. but it is given that √7 is irrational .Our assumption is wrong.


So 5 + 2√7 is an irrational number.


  1. Find the zeros of quadratic equations 6X2 - 13X + 6 = 0

6X2 - 13X + 6 = 0

Splitting the middle term 

6X2 - 9X-4x + 6 = 0  ( 6 x 6 = 36 and -9 x -4 = 36)

(2X-3)(3x -2)= 0

x= 3/2 or x = 2/3

  1. Verify whether the linear pair of equations (4/3)x + 2y = 8 and 2x + 3y = 12 are consistent or not.

Comparing above equations with a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 and a2x + b2y + c2 =0

a1= 4/3  b1= 2  c1 = -8 , a2=2 , b2=3  c2 =-12

a1 / a2=⅔, b1/b2=2/3   c1/c2 = -8 /-12 = ⅔

Since a1/a2= b1/b2= c1/c2 =  ⅔, the pair of equation is dependent consistent and has infinite solutions as they represents coincident lines.



OR

Solve the pair of equations by substitution method.

x + y = 4 and 2x = 8 - 3y


x + y = 4 ………………(i)

2x = 8 - 3y……………..(ii)


From (i), y = x -4 , and putting this value y into (ii)

2x = 8 - 3y

2x = 8 - 3(x - 4)

2x = 8 -3x +12

5x = 20

x = 4


Now x + y = 4

Therefore  4 + y = 4

Therefore y=0


x=4 and y=0 is the solution of the linear pair of equations x + y = 4 and 2x = 8 - 3y


  1. If P, Q, R are interior angle of a triangle , prove that sec[(P+Q)/2] = cosec(R/2)


P + Q + R = 1800 ( ∵ P, Q, R are interior angle of a triangle)

P + Q  = 1800 - R


LHS = sec[(P+Q)/2] 

= 1/ cos[(P+Q)/2]

= 1/ cos[(1800 - R)/2]

= 1/ cos[900 - R/2]

= 1/ sin(R/2)

= cosec(R/2)

= RHS


Since LHS = RHS, sec[(P+Q)/2] = cosec(R/2) proved for the , interior angle P,Q, R or the triangle.


  1. If 2 sinπœƒ + cosπœƒ = 2, find the value of tanπœƒ


2 sinπœƒ + cosπœƒ = 2

Dividing by cosπœƒ

∴ 2 (sinπœƒ / cosπœƒ) + 1 = 2 /cosπœƒ

∴ 2 tanπœƒ + 1 = 2secπœƒ

∴ 2 (secπœƒ - tanπœƒ) = 1

∴ secπœƒ - tanπœƒ = ½ ………..(i)


Now , we know that  sec2πœƒ - tan2πœƒ = 1

∴ (secπœƒ - tanπœƒ)(secπœƒ + tanπœƒ) =1


∴ (½)(secπœƒ + tanπœƒ) =1

∴ (secπœƒ + tanπœƒ) =2………..(ii)


Subtracting (i) from (ii)

∴ 2 tanπœƒ) = 3/2

∴ tanπœƒ) =¾


Answer tanπœƒ =  ¾

OR

2tan245 + x - sin260 = 2, then find the value of x 

2tan245 + x - sin260 = 2

2( 1)2 + x - (√3/2)2 = 2

x = ¾


Answer : x = 3/4

  1. As shown in the figure , quadrilateral PQRS is drawn to  circumscribe a circle, prove that 

Prove that PQ + RS = QR + SP


As we know that , length of tangents to a circle from an external point is equal.


PA = PB….(i)

QA = QD…(ii)

RC = RD …(iii)

SB = SC….(IV)


Now  LHS = PQ + RS

= (PA + AQ) + (RC + CS)

= (PA + QA) + (RC + SC)

= PB + QD + RD + SB

= ( QD + RD) + (PB + SB)

= (QR) + ( SP) 

= QR + SP

= RHS

LHS = RHS , Hence Proved

OR

Two concentric circles are of radii 29 cm and 21 cm. Find the length of chord of the larger circle which touches the smaller circle.

In the above figure, we have to find the length of CD

Now,

AC2  = AB2 + BC2

292 = 212 + BC2

BC2 = 292 - 212

BC2 = (29 - 21)(29 + 21)

BC2 = (8)(50)

BC2 = 400

BC = 20


CD = 2*BC

CD = 2 *20

CD = 40


ANSWER :Length of chord of the larger circle which touches the smaller circle is 40 cm. 



  1. For the  following grouped frequency distribution find the mode.


class

10-25

25-40

40-55

55-70

70-85

85-100

frequency

2

3

7

6

6

6


The class with highest frequency is 40-55, 

So 40-55 is modal class.

l = 40 ( lower limit of modal class)

f1 = 7 ( frequence of modal class)

f0 = 3 ( frequency of class preceding modal class)

f2 = 6 ( frequency of class succeeding modal class)

h = 15


Mode = l + [ (f1- f0)/(2f1- f0 - f2)]*h

Mode = 40 + [ (7-3)/(2*7- 3 - 6)]*15

Mode = 40 + [ 4/(14- 3 - 6)]*15

Mode = 40 + [ 4/(5)]*15

Mode = 40 + (12)

Mode = 52 


Answer : The mode of given data is 52


  1. Salma and Mona are friends. What it the probability that both have

    1. Different birthday 

Total no of possibility for birthdates are 365,

Now , Possibility of different birth date are 364


Therefor probability of having different birthday = 364/365

  1. Same birthday in the year 2019.

Possibility of same birthdate = 1

Therefore probability of having same birthday = 1/365

  1. Find the root of the quadratic equation  5x = 6 + 2/x by completing the square method.

Here the quadratic equation is 5x = 6 + 2/x ⇒5x2 = 6x + 2

⇒25x2 = 30x + 10

⇒25x2 -30x + 9 = 10 + 9

 ⇒(5x - 3)2 = 19

⇒5x - 3 =  +/- √19

x = (3 +/- √19)/5

x = (3 +√19)/5 and x = (3 - √19)/5


Answer :  (3 +√19)/5 and  (3 - √19)/5 are roots of quadratic equation 5x = 6 + 2/x 

OR


Find the root of quadratic equation √2x2 + 7x + 5√2 = 0

√2x2 + 7x + 5√2

Splitting the middle term

√2x2 + 2x + 5x + 5√2  ( 5√2 x √2 = 10, 5 x 2 =10 and 5 +2 =7)

√2x(x + √2) + 5 (x +√2) = 0

(x + √2)(√2x+5)=0

x + √2 = 0  or √2x+5 = 0

x = - √2   or x  = -5/√2 


- √2   and  -5/√2 are roots of the given quadratic equation √2x2 + 7x + 5√2 = 0



  1. In the given figure if PQ ∥ BC , find the value of AB


As per the proportionality theorem

AP/PB = AQ/QC

AP = PB( AQ/QC)

AP = 7.2 ( 1.8/5.4)

AP =2.4

.

AB = AP + PB

AB = 2.4 + 7.2 = 9.6


ANSWER : AB =9.6 CM

SECTION C (24 marks)

Answer the following questions showing  calculation (27 to 34) each carries 3 marks.


  1.  On dividing 3x3 + x2+ 2x + 5 by a polynomial g(x), the quotient and remainder were 3x - 5 and 9x + 10 respectively, find the g(x)


Here the dividend = 3x3 + x2+ 2x + 5, divisor = g(x), quotient = (3x-5) and remainder = (9x + 10)


Dividend = Divisor x Quotient + remainder

3x3 + x2+ 2x + 5 = g(x) (3x-5) + ( 9x +10)

g(x) (3x-5) = 3x3 + x2+ 2x + 5 - ( 9x +10)

g(x) (3x-5) = 3x3 + x2 - 7x - 5

g(x) = (3x3 + x2 - 7x - 5)/(3x-5)




x2 + 2x + 1


3x-5

3x3 + x2 - 7x - 5

3x3 - 5x2

-      +



6x2 -7x

6x2 -10x

-     +



          3x -5

           3x -5

-     +



0



g(x) = x2 + 2x + 1


Answer : the divisor  g(x) = x2 + 2x + 1


  1.  Sum of areas of two squares is 468 sqm. If  the difference of their perimeter is 24 m. find the sides of two squares


Assume the sides of squares are x and y


Sum of areas of two squares is 468 sqm

x2 + y2 = 468


Perimeters of squares with sides x and y will be 4x and 4y respectively

The difference of perimeters is 24m

4x - 4y = 24

x - y = 6

x = y + 6 ….(i)


(y + 6)2 + y2 = 468

y2 + 12x + 36 + y2 =468

2y2 + 12x - 432 = 0

y2 + 6x - 216 = 0

Splitting the middle term

y2 + 18x-12x - 216= 0 ( 18 x -12 = 216, 18-12=6)

(y+18)(y-12)=0

y+18 = 0 or y-12=0 

y= -18 or y =12

As, the side can not be negative, y=12

Putting value of y in (i)

x = y +6

x = 12 + 6 =18


Therefore the sides of squares will be 18 and 12 meters respectively.




  1. For what value of n , nth term of two AP 65, 67,69 ,.... AND 10,17, 24 equal.

 Nth term is given by the formula an = a +(n-1)d


For AP 65, 67,69 ,.., 

a1 = 65, d1=2


For 10,17, 24

a2=10, d2=7


For nth term to be equal

a1 +(n-1)d1 =a2 + (n-1)d2

65 + (n-1)*2 = 10 + (n-1)*7

7n-7 -2n +2 = 55

5n = 60

n = 12


Answer : 12th term of APs will be same.

OR

Find the sum of all terms of AP -2, -5,-8…-227..

Value of an = -227, a = -2, d= -3


an = a +(n-1)d

-227 = -2 +(n-1)(-3)

3(n-1) = 227 -2

3(n-1) = 225

n-1 = 75, 

n = 76


Now sum S of first 76 term of the AP 


S = n(a+l)/2, where a = -2, l= -227, n=76

= 76(-2-227)/2

= 38(-229)

= -8702


Answer : Sum of all terms of AP -2, -5,-8…-227 is -8702



  1.  If P(2,3), Q(3,-2), R(-3,-5) and S(-4,-2) are vertices of a quadrilateral. Find the area of quadrilateral PQRS.

  2. The length of the minute hand of a clock is 14 cm. Find the area swept by minute hand in 15 minutes. Find the distance to be swept to complete one revolution.

OR


In the given figure OACB is quadrant of a circle with centre O and having diameter of 7 cm. If OD is 2 cm, Find the area of the 


  1. Quadrant OACB

  2. Shaded region.


  1. Area of quadrant section

Radius r = 7/2 cm 

Area = 𝛑r2/4 = (¼)(22/7)(7/2)2

= 22 * 7 / 16

= 77/8

=9.63 cm2…………..(i)


  1. Area of shaded region = Area of quadrant - area of triangle ODB


Area of triangle ODB = ½(OB)(OD)

= ½(7/2)(2)

= 3.5 cm2 ……….(ii)

From (i) and (ii)


Area of shaded region = Area of quadrant - area of triangle ODB


Area of shaded region = 9.63 - 3.5

= 6.13


Answer  : a) Area of quadrant section = 9.63 cm2

b) Area of shaded region = 6.13 cm2


  1. A vessel is in the form of a hollow hemisphere mounted by a hollow cylinder. The diameter of the hemisphere is 28 cm and total height of the vessel is 26 cm.Find the inner surface area of the vessel.

Cylinder : r = 14 cm ( Given the dia meter of the hemisphere)

    h = 26 cm

Hemisphere = r = 14cm

Inner surface area of the vessel = Surface area of the Base of cylinder + curved surface area of cylinder + Surface area of the hemisphere.


= 𝛑r2 + 2𝛑rh + 2𝛑r2

= 𝛑r( r + 2h + 2r)

= 𝛑r( 3r + 2h)

= 22*14(3*14 + 2*26)/7

= 44(42 + 52)

= 4136 cm2

Answer :  Inner surface area of the vessel is 4136 cm2

  1. Following frequency distribution shows the age of 100 persons. Find the median of the data.


Age in years

20-30

30-40

40-50

50-60

60-70

70-80

No of persons.

15

16

38

15

9

7


Solution

Weight Interval

Frequency

Cumulative frequency

20-30

15

15

30-40

16

31

40-50

38

69

50-60

15

84

60-70

9

93

70-80

7

100


 N/2 = 50, this  lies between interval 40-50,  frequence for this interval is 38 and Cumulative frequency is 31



Now : l= 40 , f = 38 and cf = 31 h = 10, n = 100

Median = l + ((n/2-cf)/f)h

Median = 40 + ((100/2-31)/38)10

Median = 40 + ((50-31)/38)10

Median = 40 + (19/38)10

Median = 40 + 5 = 45


ANSWER : Median of the given data.is 45




OR

The mean of following frequency distribution is 18. Find the missing frequency.


class

11-13

13-15

15-17

17-19

19-21

21-23

23-25

frequency

7

6

f

13

20

5

4



class

frequency

Class mean

fixi

11-13

7

12

84

13-15

6

14

84

15-17

f

16

16f

17-19

13

18

234

19-21

20

20

400

21-23

5

22

110

23-25

4

24

96


∑ fi = 55 + f


∑ fixi = 1008 + 16f


Mean = ∑ fixi / ∑ fi 

18 = (1008 + 16f) / (55 + f)

990 + 18f = 1008 + 16f

2f = 18

f = 9


Answer : The missing frequency is 9


  1. Prove that the length of the tangents drawn from an external point to a circle are equal.


SECTION D (20 marks)

Solve the following,( 35 to 39) Each carries 4 marks each.

  1. A boat goes 40 km upstream and 49 km downstream in 15 hours. In the same river it can go 25 km upstream and 35 km downstream in 10 hours. Determine the speed of the stream and that of the boat in still water.


Assume that speed of boat in still water is x km/hr and that of river stream is y km/hr


So speed of boat while going upstream will be (x - y)   km/hr

While speed of boat while going downstream will be x + y  km/hr


boat goes 40 km upstream and 49 km downstream in 15 hours


[40/(x-y)]+[49/(x+y)] = 15….(i)


boat goes 25 km upstream and 35 km downstream in 10 hours

[25/(x-y)]+[35/(x+y)] = 10

[5/(x-y)]+[7/(x+y)] = 2……(ii)


Putting 1/(x-y) = a and 1/(x+y) = b in (i) and (ii)


40a + 49b = 15….(iii)

5a + 7b = 2…..(iv)


Now multiply (iv) by 7 for elimination of b term


35a + 49b = 14….(v)


Now subtract (v) from (iii) will get

5a =1 

A  = ⅕,  putting this value in (iv)

1 + 7b = 2

7b = 1 , b=1/7

1/(x-y) = a = ⅕ 

x-y =5 (vi), similarly x + y = 7..(vii)


Therefore addition of  (vi)

 and (vii) will become

2x = 12 

x = 6 km/hr 

y = x -5

y = 6-5 =1 km/hr


Answer : The speed of the stream is 1 km / hr and that of the boat in still water is 6 km/hr

  1. As observed from the top of 100 m high hill, the angle of depression to the top of a tower is 300 and angle of depressions to the bottom of the tower is 450.Find the height of the tower and distance between base of tower and base of the hill. (take 1/√3 = 0.58)


In the above figure  AB is hill and AB = 100 meter. CD is the tower.

Assume that the height of tower is h


Therefor  AE = 100- h

In triangle ABD, ADB = 45 

tan(ADB) = AB/BD

tan(45)= 100/BD

1=100 /BD

BD = 100 = EC


Now in triangle  AEC, ACE = 30

tan(ACE) = AE/EC

tan(30) = (100-h) / 100

½ / (√3/2) = (100-h) / 100

1/√3 = (100-h) / 100

0.58 = (100-h) / 100

58 = 100 - h

h = 100-58 = 42


Answer : Height of the tower is 42 meter and distance between base of tower and base of the hill is 100 meter.


  1. A container shaped like a right circular cylinder having radius 6 cm and height 15 cm  is full of ice cream. The ice cream is to be filled in cone of height 12 cm and radius 3 cm, with a hemispherical shape on the top. Find the number of such cones which can be filed with the ice cream.

Cylinder : Height h = 15cm, radius 6 cm

Volume of ice cream = 𝛑r2h

= 𝛑 x 6 x 6 x 15…………(i)

Cone Height = 12 cm, radius = 3 cm

Volume of Ice cream cone = ⅓ x 𝛑r2h

= ⅓ x 𝛑 x 3 x 3 x 12……(ii)

No. of cones which will can be filled will be = (i) / (ii)

= (𝛑 x 6 x 6 x 15)/(⅓ x 𝛑 x 3 x 3 x 12)

= 15

Answer 15 cones can be filled with the icecream  from the cylinder.

  1. In Ξ”XYZ if XY2 + XZ2 = YZ2 , then prove that ∠X = 900 


OR


BL and CM are medians of Ξ”ABC right angled at A. 

Prove that 4(BL2 + CM2) = 5BC2


  1. Draw a right triangle with sides (other than hypotenuse) are of length 4 cm and 3 cm. Then construct another triangle whose  sides are  5/3 times corresponding sides of the given triangle.


OR


Draw a circle radius of 4.5 cm. From  a point 7.5 cm away from its centre, construct the pair of tangents to the circle and measure their lengths. Write steps of construction.


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